Internal-combustion engine.



G. HOLLOWAY.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.14, 1912 Patented July 14,1914

GEORGE HOLLOWAY, OF SANDUSKY, OHIO.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 1.4, T9141.

Application filed November 14, 1912. Serial No. 731,262.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE HOLLOWAY, acitizen of the United States, residing at Sandusky, in the county ofErie and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and usefulImprovement. in lnternal-Comb'ustion Engines, of which the following isa full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings.

This invention relates generally to improvements in internal combustionengines and has particular reference to that. class known as two-cycleengines. In engines of this type the combustible fluid is first drawninto the closed crank case by a. suction produced therein by the ascentof the piston to the upper end of the cylinder. As'

the piston is forced downwardly, this fluid is compressed, and, when thepiston has reached substantially its lowest position and hasuncovered-the exhaust and admission ports into the cylinder, the gasescapes from the crank case through a by-pass or transmission port. intothe cylinder, scavenging the cylinder of the burnt gases resultant fromthe former explosion and filling it for the subsequent compression andexplosion. During the moment, therefore, that the ports in the cylinderare uncovered the compressed charge of fluid which occupies the crankcase and by-pass is brought into direct association with the hot gaseswhich are present in the cylinder. and such a condition quite frequentlyresults in a premature explosion of the gases in the crank case andby-pass. It is obvious that such occurrences are detrimental to theoperation of the engine. and means for eliminating this objectionablefeature have heretofore been provided. consisting usually of a piece ofwire gauze. a perforated plate. or a tubular member which may beinserted in the bypass for arresting the flame or hot gases which mayenter the admission port at the moment it is uncovered. and thus preventthe ignition of the charge of gas within the crank case. These methodsof obviating this ditliculty have been more or less objectionable.principally because of their construction. which prevents easy access tothe parts, and again because of their incitectivt ness.

The objects of this invention 'a-re to providc means in the h v-pass ofa two-cycle engine for preventing the ignition of thei compressed gaswithin the crank case when communication is established between thecrank case and the cylinder of the engine such means being simple in itsconstructioii yet very effective in the accomplishment of its purposeand which will well withstand the heat to which it is subjected; toprovide aconstruction that Will permit of quick and easy access to theparts, cleaning or repair; and a construction wherein the parts whichrequire replacement may be made of cheap and very durable material. I

Generally speaking. my invention may be defined as consisting of thecombination of elements set forth in the claims annexed hereto andillustrated in the drawing forming a part hereof wherein for the purposeof Figure 1 is a central vertical section of a two cycle internalcombustion engine having my invention applied thereto; Fig. 2 is afragmentary side elevation of the engine cylinder in the vicinity of theby-pass opening, the cover of the opening being broken away to revealthe inside construction, and Fig. 3 is a horizontal sect-ion through aportion of the cylinder and the by-pass, the plane of such section beingindicated by the line 3 3 of Fig. 1.

Taking up a detailed description of the invention by the use ofreference characters, 1 denotes the crank case of the engine which issurmounted by the cylinder 2. The cylinder 2 is provided with the usualwater jacket 3. spark plug 4, exhaust port 5. and the admission port (3.7 denotes the piston, R the pitman and t) the crank of the engine. Aport 10 supplies combustible fluid to the crank case when the piston isat the upper end of its stroke.

A bypass or transmission port 11 communicates at its upper end with thecylinder 2 through the admission port 6 and at its lower end it opensinto the crank case 1. A hollow boss 12 projects from the side of theengine cylinder and is substantially the width of the by-pass 11. Aconcave cover 18. which is secured to the outer face of the boss 12 bycap screws 14. forms. with the interior of the boss 19. a chamber 15.The side walls 16 of the chamber 15 are coincident with the sides of theby-pass 11." 17 denotcs a pair of ilallgts which extend hori 'llllillll' about the inner arcuatc wall of the b v-p:|ss 11 and acrosstheend walls 16 of the chamber 15, the flanges being preferably cast withthe cylinder. A pair of flanges 18 on the end walls of the covercoincide with the flanges 17 and form, in

' the grooves 19 and20 are a plurality of screens 22, three of suchscreens being shown in the drawing, although any desired number may beemployed. These screensare of the same shape and area as the horizontalcross sectional areaofthe by-pass 11, the chamber 15, and the groove 20.I prefer to employ a cheap screen of comparatively heavy wire andconsequently a coarse mesh in connection with my device, in order tosecure the maximum durability at a minimum cost; and I use a number oflayers or such screening for the purpose of producing a more eflicientarrester for the flame or hotgases which may enter the admission portwhile it is uncovered by the descent of the piston. By this'constructionit will be seen that I have all the advantages ofa liner wire gauze,with the additional advantage of greater durability and economy.

When it is desired to remove the screens 22 for the purpose of cleaningor replacing them, it requires only the simple operation of removing thefour screws 14 and the cover 13, which will permit the screens to bedrawn out of the groove 19.

Having thus described my invention, what I. claim is e I l. Thecombination, with the cylinder and crank case of a two-cycle engine, ofa by pass communicating at one of its ends with the cylinder and at itsopposite end with the interior of the crank case, said by-pass having anopening in its side; a cover for said opening, there being a grooveabout the walls of theby-pass adjacent saidopening and within the innerface of the cover, and a screen the edges ofwhichare adapted to bereceived by said groover y 2. The combination, with the cylinder andcrank case of a'two-cycle engine, of a bypass communicating at one ofits ends with the cylinder and at its opposite end with the interior ofthecrank case, the by-pass having an opening in its side, a cover forsaid opening, there being a groove about the walls of the by-passadjacent-the said opening and within the inner face of the cover, andone or more screens extending across the by-pass and having their edgessupported within said groove.

3. The combination, with the cylinder and crank case of a two-cycleengine, of a bypass communicating atone of its ends with the cylinderand at its opposite end with the interior of the crank case, the by-passhaving an opening in its side, a cover for said opening, a pair offlanges extending horizontally about the by-pass and forming a groovetherebetwcen and the cover having a groove coincident with said groove,and a screen having its edges supported within said groove.

l. The combination, with the cylinder and crank case of a two-cycleengine, of a bypass formed with the outer surface of the cylinder walland communicating at one end with the cylinder and at its opposite endwith the crank case, the cylinder being provided with a pair of spacedflanges projecting from the outer cylinder wall and the lateral walls ofthe by-pass and forming therebetween a groove, one or more screensfitted in said groove, and a cover removably applied to the by-pass andextending across the plane of said groove.

5. The combination, with the cylinder and crank case of a two-cycleengine, of a bypassformed with the outer surface of the cylinder ,walland communicating at one end with the cylinder and at its opposite endwith the crank case, the cylinder being provided with a pair of spacedflanges projecting from the outer cylinder wall and the lateral walls ofthe by-pass and forming therebetween a groove, one or more screensfitted in said groove, and a cover remova'bly applied to the by-pass andextending across the plane of said groove and itself having a grooveadapted to register with the groove within the by-pass and. to receivethe outer edge of the screen or screens therewithin.

6. The combination, with the cylinder and crank case of a two-cycleengine, of a bypass communicating at one of its ends with the cylinderand at its opposite end with the interior of the crank case, a hollowboss projecting from the side of the cylinder, the opening within theboss being of substantially the samewidth as'the' width of the by-pass,a cover for said boss having vertical side walls coincident with theside walls of said boss, a pair of vertically spaced horizontal flangesextending along the walls of the bypass within the boss, similar flangeson the side walls of the cover adapted to register with the formerflanges, and one or more screens adapted to have their edges containedwithin said grooves.

7. The combination, with the cylinder and crank case of a two-cycleengine, of a bypass communicating at one of its ends with the cylindcrand at its opposite end with the interior of the crank case, a hollowboss projecting from the side of the cylinder, the opening within theboss being of substantially the samc width as the width of theby-pass, acover for said boss having veraforesaid flanges, and one or more screens10 tical side walls coincident with the side contzuned within saidgrooves.

walls of said boss, a pair of vertically spaced In testimony whereof, Ihereunto afiix my horizontal flanges extending along the inner signaturein the presence of two witnesses. wall of the by-pass and the side wallsof the GEORGE HOLLOWAY opening within the boss, similar flanges on theend walls of the cover, the cover havlng Witnesses: a groove along theinner face whlch is co- JAMES M. FRENCH,

incident with the groove formed by the MARGARET NOLAN.

